Thyroid eye disease Infusion Therapy

Thyroid eye disease, also known as Graves' ophthalmopathy, is an autoimmune condition affecting the eyes and surrounding tissues, often associated with thyroid disorders. It can cause symptoms such as eye bulging, double vision, dry eyes, and in severe cases, vision loss due to inflammation and swelling of the muscles and fatty tissues around the eyes.

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Symptoms

Symptoms

Here are the main symptoms of Thyroid Eye Disease (TED):

Eye bulging (proptosis)
Eyelid retraction
Dry, irritated eyes
Excessive tearing
Eye redness and inflammation
Double vision
Light sensitivity
Eye pain or pressure
Difficulty closing eyes fully
Blurred vision
Swollen eyelids and surrounding tissues
Limited eye movement

Severity varies between individuals. If you're experiencing these symptoms, especially with a history of thyroid issues, consult an ophthalmologist or endocrinologist for proper evaluation and treatment.

Treatment Options

Mild TED:

Artificial tears and lubricating ointments for dry eyes
Lifestyle changes (smoking cessation, sleep with head elevated)
Selenium supplements (may help in mild cases)

Moderate to severe TED:

Corticosteroids
Oral prednisone
Intravenous methylprednisolone (more effective, fewer side effects)
Teprotumumab (Tepezza):
First FDA-approved medication specifically for TED
Reduces eye bulging and double vision
Orbital radiotherapy
Often combined with steroid Can help reduce inflammation
Surgical interventions (usually considered after the active phase):
Orbital decompression surgery (to reduce eye bulging)
Strabismus surgery (to correct double vision)
Eyelid surgery (to address retraction or for cosmetic improvement)
Supportive measures:
Prisms in glasses (for double vision)
Botox injections (for eyelid retraction)
Taping eyelids closed at night (if unable to close eyes fully)
Management of thyroid dysfunction:
Treating underlying thyroid disorder (hyper- or hypothyroidism)
Radioactive iodine therapy, antithyroid medications, or thyroidectomy may be considered